Cleat nailing machine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet l.

W. S. DOIG. GLEAT NAILING MACHINE.

No. 600,685. Patented Mar. 15,1898.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet -2.

W. S. DOIG.

GL EAT NAILING MACHINE.

No. 600,685. Patented Mar. 15,1898.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.) Y

- W. s. DOIG.

CLEAT NAILING MACHINE. No. 600,685. Patented Mar. 15,1898

" Fries.

WVILLIAM S. DOIG, OFBROOKLYN, NElV YORK.

CLEAT-NAILING 'MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 600,685, dated March 15, 1898.

Application filed July 16,1896. Serial No. 599,407. (No model.)

To all whona it may concern:

Be it known that I, I/VILLIAM S. DOIG, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in (Heat-NailingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to machines for securing cleats placed overdepressed box-covers by nailing the same with nails driven through thecleats obliquely as to the inner surface of the sides of the box; andthe invention consists in the construction and novel arrangement ofparts whereby two cleats on opposite sides of the box are simultaneouslynailed at one operation.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of my machine for nailing cleats forfastening covers on boxes. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same with aportion of the frame broken away. Fig. 3 is an elevation of a portion ofthe machine. Fig. 4 is a plan view of presser-plate employed. Fig. 5 isa partial section and partial elevation showing the mechanism fordriving nails. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of self-adjusting guide. Fig.7 is an enlarged view of self-adjusting guide and chuckingplates. Fig. 8is an enlarged view of one of the links connecting the cross-head andnail-punches. Fig. 9 is a sectional view of box-support or table A withpivoted platen A in position. Fig. 10 is a plan View of the same,showing register-pad 3 on platen A with stops 6 e and handle 6, showingthe arc of the circle through which the platen is moved. Fig. 11 is anenlarged View in section of the side, top, (or bottom,) and cleat of abox (the manufactured product of this machine) with a nail f shown inthe position in which it has been driven by the operating mechanismthereof. Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a box with four cleats of thetop (or bottom) nailed in position. Either pair of cleats,as0c and 00,represent the product of one nailing operation.

A A are the side frames of the machine, firmly bolted on a base orfoundation at the bottom and secured in a firmmanner by a cross-girth ontop, also by a cross-girth carrying the shaft A and also by the fixedangular guide-form Ofiwhich also acts as a cross-girth,

the whole making the main frame of the machine solid and rigid, and theconstruction having forits purpose the leaving of an open passagethrough the machine between the top of the box-support or table A andthe lower edge of the self-centering guides D D to permit the boxoperated upon to be introduced at the front of the machine and, afterbeing nailed, to be delivered through the rear, thus greatly increasingthe working capacity of the machine.

A is the drivingshaft, upon which is mounted a pinion b engaging withagear Aiwhich also forms a crank (1 Loosely mounted on the shaft A is apulley A having a clutch mechanism A for engaging the shaft. These partsare well known and are fully described in my Patent No. 461,013, datedOctober 13, 1891.

p The gear A engages a gear A of the same diameter, on shaft A havingsuitable bearings in the frame of the machine. On shaft A is fastenedthe cam a, which works on a roller aflconnected with the box-supportingtable A It will be readily seen that by each revolution of the gear Athe cam a will be revolved and impart a reciprocating motion to thetable A By the substitution of different cams the motion of the table Acan be varied to suit any depth of box to be operated upon. The cam a isnot only designed to impart a reciprocating motion to the table, butwhen the table is elevated thereby the cam during the remainder of itsrevolution forms a rigid support for the table, retaining it rigidly inposition.

B is a vertically-reciprocating crosshead guided in the side frames A Aand projecting through them. Motion is imparted thereto from thedriving-shaft A through the medium of the connectingrods c extendeddownward to carrier B, guided in the side frames in the same manner ascross-head B, having a rectangular yoke co in which slides a block ahaving connection with the crank pin a on gear A On either side of thereciprocating crosshead are pivoted a number of pairs of links O (Shownin Figs. 2, 3, and 5.) In this case I use three pairs of links, but canuse any number required. The links 0 are pivoted loosely on thecross-head and are carried up and down thereby. The lower ends of eachpair of said links C are pivoted to the corresponding pair ofnail-punches Each pair of links is deflected outward and downward fromthe perpendicular on opposite sides through the plane of reciprocationof crosshead B. The angle at which the links C and through them thenail-punches c are deflected is determined by the angular guideform 0 inwhich the nail-punches work. This position of the parts enables one tocenter the box-su pport directly beneath the crosshead, and thus tobring the cleats to be nailed parallel with the cross-head.

The angular guide-form O is rigidly fixed to and forms part of the mainframe of the machine.

Rigidly attached to the angular guide-form C and extending in a rightline therewith is a bar 0 G for holding the nail-boxes c c, whichnail-boxes conform to the same angle and are in a right line with thenail-punches. Otherwise the construction of the nail-boxes is the sameas described in my patent above referred to.

B is a presser-plate for engaging the top of a box to be operated uponand holding it and the cleats in position during the nailing operation.

The presser-plate B is a flat plate of steel beveled to fit against theinner face of the cleats and corresponding'to the outline of the coverof the box operated upon and fitted with recesses for the passage ofnails, preferably suspended loosely from the cross-head by four roundguiderods 1) through four guides 19' on the cross-head, in which theyfit loosely, and on the upper end of each rod a nut may be used toregulate the depth at which the presser-plate shall hang suspended.Between the presser-plate B and the guides 19 on each guide-rod b aspiral spring 19 1s arranged and regulated by a collar attached to therod b. The under edges of the presserplate are beveled on the four undersides to an angle corresponding with the exposed sur-' face of thecleat. The presser-plate is recessed at intervals, as shown in a planview in Fig. 4, to permit the passage of the nails.

A is a table movable vertically between the uprights A A by means of thecam a, acting on the roller a, journaled in a hanger secured to theunder side of the table A".

A is a rotary platen pivoted in the center of the table on the pin 1)and having thereon a registering-pad y, adapted to center the box on theplaten. Said platen is provided with a handle e and stops 6 e, limitingthe rotary motion of the platen to one-quarter revolution, as shown inFig. 10.

D D are self-adjusting guides. (Shown in Figs. 2 and 3 in position inthe machine and in Figs. 6 and 7 in detail.)

The guides D D may be fixed in any desired position by means ofset-screws d and are mounted on brackets D so as to slide inward oroutward. Springs 19 around the setscrews 01 allow the guide-plates toadjust themselves with equal pressure on both sides of the box to beoperated upon. The guideplates are inclined downward and outward ontheirinner faces, so as to allow the box to enter and to bring it intosuch position that the cleats to be nailed will be in proper alinementwith their corresponding nail-punches.

The inner faces which come in contact with the surfaces of the box, canbe faced with hardened steel and will then operate to clench any nailswhich in ayproject through the sides of the box.

Such being the construction of the different parts of my invention, Iwill now proceed to explain the operation of my machine.

In this machine in practice the nails are driven downward and outwardthrough the cleat at right angles to the exposed surfaces thereof andobliquely into the sides of the box, thereby holding the cover inposition. The cover is depressed within the sides of the box to thedepth of the cleat, leaving the upper edge of the cleat flush with thetop of the side piece against which it rests. Such boxes are usedcommercially for packing plug-tobacco.

In operation a box with a cover and cleats in place is mounted on thepivoted platen A (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) on the box-support A and thedriving mechanism is started by clutch A in the usual manner. The cam onelevates the box-support or table and platen,

with the box thereon, until it engages the box between theself-adjustingguide-plates D D, which, acting thereon, clamp the sideson the exterior, so as to resist the pressure of the nails when driven,bringing the box into position and alinin g the cleats. The guides D Dalso form the anvil by which the nails are clenched. The upward movementof the box against the presser-plate B depresses the cover vertically toits proper position and the beveled under edges of the presser cause itto exert a pressure obliquely on the cleats, forcing them outwardly andagainst the interior surface of the sides of the box, holding them r15firmly in place. This pressure is required to prevent the cleats fromsplitting during the nailing operation, the tendency to which is apractical difficulty which it has been found essential to obviate. Asthe table and platen start upward the cross-head starts downward, butmoves at a lower rate of speed, the ratio of speed between these partsbeing fixed and determined according to the depth of the box to beoperated upon and is controlled by the shape of the cam. Thenail-feeding mechanism is so adjusted that the nails are delivered inthe nail-pockets ready for driving during the movement above described.The cam a, continuing its revolution, first brings the box into positionand then furni'shes a rigid support for the table and plates carryingthe box and in conjunction with the guides D D and the presser-plate Bholds it in position during the nailing operation as within a vise. Thecross-head B completes its descent and causes the links 0 to force thepunches 0 obliquely downward and outward, traveling through theirrespective guides on the angular guide-form 0 This movement of thepunches brings them in contact with the respective nails in thecorresponding nail-pockets. The nails are thus driven through the frontand rear cleats and corresponding sides of the box. The crosshead thenreturns to its starting position, While at the same time the tablereturns to its starting position, thus completing the simultaneousnailing operation of two opposite cleats. The two remaining cleats arebrought into position for nailing as follows: The platen is moved bymeans of the handle 6 until the handle comes into contact with the stop6 in the position 6 shown in Fig. 10. The remaining cleats are thennailed, as above described and on the descent of the table to its normalposition the completed box is passed through the rear of the machinewhile a new box is being placed on the platen.

The machine, it willbe seen, is operated through two trains ofmechanism, the one operated by the reciprocatingcross-head B and theother by the cam c.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In a nailing-machine for nailing cleats into boxes, in combination, asupport for the box, two sets of nail-punches and averticallyreciprocating cross-head for actuating them, arrangedcentrally over the box-support, parallel with the cleats tobe nailed,and carrying links arranged in diverging pairs and means for connectingthe links with the nailpunches and a presser-plate for retainingt-hecleats in position to be nailed, substantially as described.

2. In a machine for nailing cleats into boxes, a support for the box, avertically-reciprocating cross head, arranged centrally over thebox-support, in combination with duplicate sets of nail-boxes, arrangedopposite each other, parallel to the cross-head and obliquely to theends of the box, nail-punches corresponding to such nail-boxes andconnected to the cross-head by links arranged in diverging 'pairs,substantially as described.

3. In a nailing-machine for nailing cleats into boxes, in combination, anail-punch actuating a vertically-reciprocating cross-head, arrangedcentrally over and parallel with the cleats to be nailed, and avertically-reciprocating box-support, carrying a rotary platen;substantially as described.

4. In a cleat-nailing machine mechanism for nailing the cleats intoboxes, in combinaa pivotedplaten permitting the guides to control theposition of the box, substantially as described.

6. In a machine for nailing cleats into boxes, in combination,.abox-support, nail feeding and driving mechanism, and a yielding platewith beveled edges, adapted to hold the cleats in position, and recessedto correspond with the nail-punches, in order to permit the passage ofnails to be driven through the cleats, substantially as described.

7. In a cleat-nailing machine, in combination, a nail-driving cross-headand connecting-links, nail-punches arranged to act in pairs, and abox-support with a rotary platen thereon, and means for bringing thecleats into alinement with the nail-punches, substantially as described.

8. In a cleat-nailing machine, in combination, a nail-drivingcross-head, connectinglinks arranged in pairs, simultaneously actuatingat diverging angles, corresponding nailpunches,nail-boxes,a'box-support,and means for adjusting and retaining thecleats in position when being nailed, substantially as described.

9. In a cleat-nailing machine, in combination, nail feeding and drivingmechanism, means for retaining cleats in position when being nailed, abox-supporting table having pivoted thereon a rotary platen, carrying aregistering-pad for centering the box when placed thereon, substantiallyas described.

10. In a cleat-nailing machine, in combination, nail feeding and drivingmechanism, means for retaining cleats in position when being nailed, abox-supporting table having pivoted thereon a rotary platen, carrying'aregistering-pad for centering the box when placed thereon, and stops forlimiting the rotary movement of the platen, substantially as described.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, this 15th day of June, A. D. 1896.

\VILLIAM S. DOIG.

lYitnesses:

WILsoN W. I-IoovER, GEO. W. PAYNTAR.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent N 0. 600,685, grantedMarch 15, 1898, upon the application of William S. Doig, of Brooklyn,Oleat-Nailing Machines, an error appears in the printed specificationrequiring correction, as follows: In line 55, page 3, the article a NewYork, for an improvement in should be stricken out; and that the saidLetters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the samema conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 7th day of June, A. D., 1898.

[SEAL] WEBSTER DAVIS,

Assistant Secretary of the Interior. Oountersigned O. H. DUELL,

Commissioner of Patents.

